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Platformism is a tendency within the wider anarchist movement which shares an affinity with organising in the tradition of Dielo Truda's Organizational Platform of the General Union of Anarchists (Draft)[1]. The Platform came from the experiences of Russian anarchists in the 1917 October Revolution, which led eventually to the victory of Bolsheviks over the Anarchists and other like-minded groups. The Platform attempts to explain and address the failure of the anarchist movement during the Russian Revolution. As a controversial pamphlet, the Platform drew both praise and criticism from anarchists worldwide.
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The Organizational Platform of the General Union of Anarchists (Draft) was written in 1926 by the Dielo Truda (Workers' Cause) group, a group of exiled Russian anarchists in France. The pamphlet is an analysis of the basic anarchist beliefs, a vision of an anarchist society, and recommendations as to how an anarchist organization should be structured. The four main principles by which an anarchist organization should operate, according to the Platform, are ideological unity, tactical unity, collective action, discipline, and federalism. Until recently the platform was known in English as the Organizational Platform of the Libertarian Communists as the English translation was based on Volines mis-translation of the original and not the Russian original.
It argues that "We have vital need of an organization which, having attracted most of the participants in the anarchist movement, would establish a common tactical and political line for anarchism and thereby serve as a guide for the whole movement."
The Platform has 4 key organizational features which seperate it from the rest of the anarchist movement. They are:
- Tactical Unity - A common tactical line in the movement is of decisive importance for the existence of the organisation and the whole movement: it removes the disastrous effect of several tactics in opposition to one another, it concentrates all the forces of the movement, gives them a common direction leading to a fixed objective. [2]
- Theoretical Unity - "Theory represents the force which directs the activity of persons and organisations along a defined path towards a determined goal. Naturally it should be common to all the persons and organisations adhering to the General Union. All activity by the General Union, both overall and in its details, should be in perfect concord with the theoretical principles professed by the union." [3]
- Collective Responsibility - "The practice of acting on one's personal responsibility should be decisively condemned and rejected in the ranks of the anarchist movement. The areas of revolutionary life, social and political, are above all profoundly collective by nature. Social revolutionary activity in these areas cannot be based on the personal responsibility of individual militants."[4]
- Federalism - "Against centralism, anarchism has always professed and defended the principle of federalism, which reconciles the independence and initiative of individuals and the organisation with service to the common cause."[5]
Today there are platformist groups in many countries including the Workers Solidarity Movement in Ireland, NEFAC (North Eastern Federation of Anarchist Communists or the Fédération des Communistes Libertaires du Nord-Est) in the USA and Canada, the OCL in Chile, the OAE in Greece, AKI in Turkey, OSL in Argentina, the Federazione dei Comunisti Anarchici (FdCA) in Italy, the Coletivo pró Organização Anarquista em Goiás in Brazil, Grupo Qhispikay Llaqta in Peru, ACL in Mexico, MACG (Melbourne Anarchist Communist Group) and SACT (Sydney Anarchist Communist Trajectory) in Australia, Liberty and Solidarity in the UK, and the ZACF in South Africa.
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