Machine

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This article is about devices that perform tasks. For other uses, see Machine (disambiguation).

Wind turbines

A "machine" is any device that uses energy to perform some activity. In common usage, the meaning is that of a device having parts that perform or assist in performing any type of work. A simple machine is a device that transforms the direction or magnitude of a force without consuming any energy. The word "machine" is derived from the Latin machina.^[1]

1 Usage
2 Types of machines and other devices
3 Machines in Education and Art
4 Notes
5 References

Usage

Machines are ubiquitous in a wide variety of industrial, commercial, residential and transportation applications. Those employing hydraulics are especially useful in manufacturing, construction and earthmoving.

"Engines" are machines that convert heat or other forms of energy into mechanical energy. Internal combustion engines for example use the expansion of gas caused by heat from an exothermic chemical reaction.

Historically, a device required moving parts to be classified as a machine, however the advent of electronics technology has led to the development of devices without moving parts that some consider machines, the computer being the most obvious example.^[1]

Types of machines and other devices

**Types of machines and other devices**
Simple machines	Inclined plane, Wheel and axle, Lever, Pulley, Wedge, Screw
Mechanical components	Axle, Bearings, Belts, Bucket, Fastener, Gear, Key, Link chains, Rack and pinion, Roller chains, Rope, Seals, Spring, Wheel,
Clock	Atomic clock, Chronometer, Pendulum clock, Quartz clock
Compressors and Pumps	Archimedes screw, Eductor-jet pump, Hydraulic ram, Pump, Tuyau, Vacuum pump
Heat engines	External combustion engines	Steam engine, Stirling engine
Heat engines	Internal combustion engines	Reciprocating engine
Linkages	Pantograph, Peaucellier-Lipkin
Turbine	Gas turbine, Jet engine, Steam turbine, Water turbine, Wind generator, Windmill (Air turbine)
Aerofoil	Sail, Wing, Rudder, Flap, Propeller
Electronics	Transistor, Diode, Capacitor, Resistor, Inductor
Biological machines	Virus, Bacterium, Cell (biology), Plant and animal
Miscellaneous	Robot, Vending machine, Wind tunnel, Check weighing machines

Machines in Education and Art

Gunderson Do-All Machine - an interconnected network of dozens of machines that have been cross-sectioned to reveal their internal operating mechanisms. This artistically presented engineering marvel was designed by to serve as a mechanical tutorial for young and old alike.

Notes

^ ^a ^b The American Heritage Dictionary, Second College Edition. Houghton Mifflin Co., 1985.

References

Oberg, Erik; Franklin D. Jones, Holbrook L. Horton, and Henry H. Ryffel (2000). in ed. Christopher J. McCauley, Riccardo Heald, and Muhammed Iqbal Hussain: Machinery's Handbook, 26th edition, New York: Industrial Press Inc.. ISBN 0-8311-2635-3.