List of state leaders in 1885

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1884 state leaders - Events of 1885 - 1886 state leaders - State leaders by year

Africa

• Ashanti Confederacy - Akyampon Panyin, Chair of the Kwasafomanhyiamu (1884-1887)
• Burundi - Mwezi IV Gisabo, King of Burundi (1852-1908)
• Dahomey - Glele, King of Dahomey (1856-1889)
• Ethiopia - Yohannes IV, Emperor of Ethiopia (1871-1889)
• Liberia - Hilary R. W. Johnson, President of Liberia (1884-1892)
• Sokoto Caliphate
  • Caliph - Umar bin Ali, Sokoto Caliph (1881-1891)
  • Grand Vizier - Abdullah bin Muhammad Fodiye, Sokoto Grand Vizier (c.1874-1886)
• Zanzibar - Barghash ibn Sa'id, Sultan of Zanzibar (1870-1888)

Asia

• Afghanistan - Abdur Rahman Khan, King of Afghanistan (1880-1901)
• China (Qing Dynasty) - Guangxu, Emperor of China (1875-1908)
• Japan
  • Monarch - Meiji Emperor, Emperor of Japan (1867-1912)
  • Prime Minister - Ito Hirobumi, Prime Minister of Japan (1885-1888)
• Korea (Joseon Dynasty) - Gojong, King of Joseon (1864-1907, Emperor after 1897)
• Oman - Turki bin Said, Sultan of Oman (1871-1888)

Europe

• Austria-Hungary - Franz Joseph I, Emperor of Austria and King of Hungary (1848-1916)
  • Minister-President of Austria - Count Eduard von Taaffe, Minister-President of Austria (1879-1893)
  • Minister-President of Hungary - Kálmán Tisza, Minister-President of Hungary (1875-1890)
• Belgium
  • Monarch - Léopold II, King of the Belgians (1865-1909)
  • Cabinet Chief - August Beernaert, Cabinet Chief of Belgium (1884-1894)
• Bulgaria - Alexander I Joseph, King of Bulgaria (1879-1886)
• Denmark
  • Monarch - Christian IX, King of Denmark (1863-1906)
  • Prime Minister - Jakob Brønnum Scavenius Estrup, Prime Minister of Denmark (1875-1894)
• France -
  • President - Jules Grévy, President of France (1879-1887)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Jules Ferry, President of the Council (1883-1885)
    2. Henri Brisson, President of the Council (1885-1886)
• German Empire -
  • Monarch - Wilhelm I, Kaiser (1871-1888)
  • Chancellor - Otto von Bismarck, Chancellor of Germany (1871-1890)
  • see also List of German rulers in 1885
• Italy
  • Monarch - Umberto I, King of Italy (1878-1900)
  • Prime Minister - Agostino Depretis, Prime Minister of Italy (1881-1887)
• Luxembourg
  • Monarch - William III, King of the Netherlands (1849-1890)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Félix de Blochausen, Prime Minister of Luxembourg (1874-1885)
    2. Édouard Thilges, Prime Minister of Luxembourg (1885-1888)
• Netherlands -
  • Monarch - William III, King of the Netherlands (1849-1890)
  • Prime Minister - Jan Heemskerk, Chairman of the Dutch council of ministers (1874-1877, 1883-1888)
• Portugal - Luis, King of Portugal (1861-1889)
• Russia - Alexander III, Tsar of Russia (1881-1894)
• Spain -
  • Monarch - Alfonso XIII, King of Spain (1886-1931)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Antonio Cánovas Del Castillo, Prime Minister of Spain (1874-1875, 1875-1879, 1879-1881, 1884-1885, 1890-1892, 1895-1897)
    2. Práxedes Mateo Sagasta, Prime Minister of Spain (1871-1872, 1874, 1881-1883, 1885-1890, 1892-1895, 1897-1899)
• Sweden -
  • Monarch - Oscar II, King of Sweden (1872-1907)
  • Prime Minister - Robert Themptander, Prime Minister of Sweden (1884-1888)
• United Kingdom -
  • Monarch - Victoria, Queen of the United Kingdom (1837-1901)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. William Ewart Gladstone, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1868-1874, 1880-1885, 1886, 1892-1894)
    2. The Marquess of Salisbury, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1885-1886, 1886-1892, 1895-1902)

North America and the Caribbean

• Canada -
  • Prime Minister - Sir John A. Macdonald, Prime Minister of Canada (1878-1891)
• Costa Rica -
  1. Próspero Fernández Oreamuno, President of Costa Rica (1882–1885)
  2. Bernardo Soto Alfaro, President of Costa Rica (1885–1890)
• United States -
  1. Chester A. Arthur, President of the United States (1881-1885)
  2. Grover Cleveland, President of the United States (1885-1889)
• Mexico - Porfirio Díaz, President of México (1884-1911)

Oceania

• Hawaii - Kalākaua, King of Hawaiʻi (1874-1891)
• Niue - Tui-toga, King of Niue (1875-1887)
• Samoa - Malietoa Laupepa, Malietoa (1880-1898)
• Tonga -
  • Monarch - George Tupou I, King of Tonga (1845-1893)
  • Prime Minister - Shirley Waldemar Baker, Prime Minister of Tonga, (1880 – 1890)

South America

• Brazil -
  • Pedro II, Emperor of Brazil (1831-1889)
    1. Manuel Pinto de Sousa Dantas, President of the cabinet of ministers (1884-1885)
    2. José Antônio Saraiva, President of the cabinet of ministers (1885-1885)
    3. João Mauricio Wanderlay, President of the cabinet of ministers (1885-1888)

• Uruguay - Máximo Santos, President of Uruguay (1882-1886)